Mechanical ventilation (MV) can be lifesaving by maintaining gas exchange until the underlying

disorders are corrected, but it is associated with numerous organ-system complications, which

can significantly affect the outcome of critically ill patients. Like other organ systems, GI

complications may be directly attributable to MV, but most are a reflection of the severity of the

underlying disease that required intensive care. The interactions of the underlying critical illness

and MV with the GI tract are complex and can manifest in a variety of clinical pictures.

Incorporated in this review are discussions of the most prevalent GI complications associated

with MV, and current diagnosis and management of these problems.

(CHEST 2001; 119:1222–1241)